Three Peaks challenges in Turkmenistan

The landscapes of Turkmenistan

Sandy desert and dunes occupy much of Turkmenistan, with terrain rising towards mountains along the southern border with Iran. The western edge meets the Caspian Sea, adding a separate coastal setting to a predominantly inland desert country. Its higher ground is concentrated along that southern margin.

The wider climate is arid and desert-influenced. The mountain belt consequently offers a contrasting physical landscape rather than replacing the country's dominant lowland character. Desert plains, foothills and the border ranges form the main sequence of relief, with the Caspian far to the west.